Community Empowerment Strategies for Improving Social Welfare among Vulnerable Households

Abstract

This study examines community empowerment strategies for improving social welfare among vulnerable households through a qualitative approach. The research aims to analyze how participatory empowerment initiatives contribute to welfare improvement, social resilience, and livelihood sustainability within vulnerable communities. A qualitative case study design was employed because it enables an in-depth exploration of social experiences, institutional interactions, and community participation in their natural context. The study was conducted in a semi-urban community area in West Java, Indonesia, characterized by significant household vulnerability and the implementation of community-based welfare programs. Twelve informants were selected purposively, consisting of community leaders, local government representatives, women’s group coordinators, social facilitators, and vulnerable household members. The informants were chosen due to their direct involvement and experience in empowerment and welfare initiatives. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, and analyzed using an interactive qualitative analysis model. The findings reveal that empowerment strategies based on participation, social collaboration, and livelihood diversification significantly strengthen household resilience, increase social inclusion, and improve welfare sustainability. The study recommends strengthening institutional collaboration, inclusive participation, and long-term community-based empowerment policies to support sustainable welfare transformation among vulnerable households.