Reframing Community Solidarity: Micro-Level Social Capital as a Catalyst for Inclusive Welfare Development

Abstract

This study examines how micro-level social capital can be reframed as a strategic driver of inclusive welfare development. The primary objective is to analyze the mechanisms through which community-based networks, trust, and reciprocity contribute to equitable welfare outcomes. A qualitative approach is employed using a case study design, chosen for its capacity to capture in-depth social interactions and contextual dynamics within a specific community setting. The research is conducted in an urban–peri-urban area of Tangerang Regency, Indonesia, selected due to its socio-economic diversity and the coexistence of formal and informal welfare systems. Data are collected from twelve informants, including community leaders, volunteers, and residents, who are purposively selected based on their active involvement in local welfare practices. The findings reveal that bonding, bridging, and linking social capital collectively enhance social resilience, expand access to resources, and strengthen participatory governance. However, challenges such as social exclusion and uneven network access persist. The study recommends integrating community-based social capital into formal welfare policies, strengthening local leadership, and promoting inclusive participation to ensure sustainable and equitable welfare development.