Muhammadiyah’s Role in Advancing Progressive Islamic Thought: Between Tradition, Reform, and Modernity

Abstract

This study examines Muhammadiyah’s role in advancing progressive Islamic thought within the dynamic relationship between tradition, reform, and modernity in contemporary Indonesian society. The research aims to analyze how Muhammadiyah contextualizes Islamic teachings, develops modern institutional transformation, and promotes moderate and inclusive Islamic values amid contemporary social change. This study employs a qualitative method using a case study research design because the approach enables an in-depth and contextual understanding of Muhammadiyah’s intellectual orientation, social engagement, and institutional practices. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, due to its historical and intellectual significance as one of Muhammadiyah’s major educational and organizational centers. The study involved twelve purposively selected informants consisting of Muhammadiyah scholars, organizational leaders, educational practitioners, and youth activists because of their expertise and direct involvement in Muhammadiyah’s reform movements. The findings reveal that Muhammadiyah successfully integrates Islamic authenticity with educational reform, humanitarian activism, and digital adaptation while promoting progressive Islamic discourse. The study recommends strengthening Muhammadiyah’s digital engagement, intellectual collaboration, and global humanitarian initiatives to sustain its relevance in contemporary Muslim society.