Qur’anic Humanism and Civil Society: Reinterpreting Al-Ma’un Theology in Contemporary Muhammadiyah Philanthropy

Abstract

This study examines how Al-Ma’un theology is reinterpreted within contemporary Muhammadiyah philanthropy through the perspectives of Qur’anic humanism and civil society. The research aims to analyze the theological relevance of Al-Ma’un in present philanthropic practice, to explain its transformation from charity-oriented discourse into an empowerment-based social ethic, and to clarify Muhammadiyah’s role in strengthening civic responsibility in modern society. This study employs a qualitative method with an interpretive case study design, as this approach is most suitable for exploring meaning, institutional narratives, and the relationship between scriptural interpretation and social practice. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, due to its historical significance in Muhammadiyah’s development and its strong philanthropic institutional network. The study involved twelve purposively selected informants, including Muhammadiyah leaders, LAZISMU managers, scholars, activists, and program coordinators, because they possessed direct knowledge of theological discourse and philanthropic implementation. The findings show that Al-Ma’un theology has evolved into a humanistic framework emphasizing dignity, empowerment, solidarity, and civic engagement. The study recommends strengthening transformative philanthropy, theological renewal, and future comparative research across Muhammadiyah institutions.