The Dynamics of Foreign Policy in the Post-Pandemic Era Indonesia’s Strategic Diplomacy in ASEAN

Abstract

This study investigates Indonesia’s foreign policy strategies in the post-COVID-19 era, emphasizing its role within ASEAN amid shifting geopolitical and regional dynamics. Conducted in Jakarta and key ASEAN forums, the research focuses on understanding how Indonesia balances national interests with regional solidarity in a context of intensified great-power competition. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study collected data from 30 informants, including diplomats, government officials, academics, and international relations analysts, complemented by direct observation and comprehensive document analysis of Indonesia’s foreign policy between 2020 and 2024. The findings indicate that Indonesia has prioritized health diplomacy, maritime economic collaboration, and non-traditional security initiatives, while actively positioning itself as a mediator and bridge-builder among ASEAN members. This research advances the concept of adaptive diplomacy in post-crisis regional contexts and offers practical recommendations for enhancing digital diplomacy capabilities and cross-sectoral coordination. Limitations include restricted access to sensitive policy data and the rapidly evolving nature of regional diplomatic landscapes.